Cry the Beloved Country Movie versus Film Essay -- compare contrast

Cry, the Beloved Country is a moving story of the Zulu minister Stephen Kumalo and his child Absalom. They live in an Africa destroyed by racial pressures and abhor. It depends on a work of affection and expectation, mental fortitude, and continuance, and manages the nobility of man. The writer lived and kicked the bucket (1992) in South Africa and was perhaps the best essayist of that nation. His different works incorporate Too Late the Phalarope, Ah, yet Your Land Is Beautiful, and Tales from a Troubled Land. The book was made into a film featuring James Earl Jones and Richard Harris. The book takes you to South Africa, where the land itself is the embodiment of a man. It as though the mountains, taking off high over the mists, are the high minutes throughout everyday life, and the valleys are those low and enduring occasions. Next, you will take an excursion to a spot called Johannesburg. While perusing the pages, the peruser starts to imagine Johannesburg being a dirtied, exceptionally cruel, and surged city. The setting is a greater amount of a passionate setting than a physical setting. As I expressed, it happens in South Africa, 1946. This is where racial segregation is at an unsurpassed high. The dark network of this land is attempting to break liberated from the white individuals, yet having little achievement. It is this alleged prejudice that is basic to the setting of the story. Without it, the book would not have as quite a bit of an effect as it does. This film, the second adj ustment of the book, has no place for contempt or outrage. Rather, its fundamental tone is one of a significant anguish that the title alludes to. Taken in general, Paton's tale advances mending and comprehension, and it talks as effectively to crowds today as it did when it was first distributed, fifty years back. The book closes with a tone of ... ...ing message and give an enthusiastic punch to rise to the book's reverberation, which would have most likely made a more drawn out film, yet added to the coherence if the film. In spite of the fact that the film is moderate, it takes on astounding force from the respect of its exhibitions and the ethical quality of its thoughts. The book is a similar path with the exception of you are being taken care of a greater amount of the characters feeling through words than through pictures. Few out of every odd snapshot of the film is as strong as the book (which is noted for entries of energy and ardent expressiveness), however as I said before conquers its own constraints to turn into a heavenly tribute to the operations of a confidence that doesn't visually impaired yet opens up the human soul (Douglas 25). Alan Paton's epic of politically-sanctioned racial segregation in 1940s South Africa gets a purified and excessively wistful treatment in this film, a touch of trivializing to the book's steady force.

Biomedicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Biomedicine - Essay Example To start with, it is important to look at the sociocultural qualities which have lead to our own de-habilitating sicknesses. We live in a quick, paced society in which there is little space to stop for a breather. This has been affected by the web and the capacity to get to data at the speed of light. Numerous employments are presently directed straight out of the workplace and for the most part include sitting behind a work area at the PC. Due to declining monetary conditions the world over, numerous occupations are requiring longer hours to fill in just as expanding cutbacks causing worry in the neighborhood populace. These expanding hours alongside the pressure related with the dread of cutback and day by day stresses, for example, traffic, relational peculiarities and other relational issues has lead to an upgraded stationary ways of life just as poor eating fewer carbs and utilization of liquor/tobacco which has lead to natural ceaseless issue and infections. Poor eating less ju nk food has lead to an expansion in heftiness across a large portion of the western nations. This can be because of various things. To start with, perceive that the beginning of drive-thru eateries has made it simpler for the populace to approach fatty and high swelling nourishments easily. This depends on the 80/20 rule in human thinking in that the choice to eat cheap food over is impacted by the simple entry and snappiness over the way that it isn't healthfully solid (Gardner, 2006). Another significant angle is that G20 populaces have an expanded inactive way of life. Because of the pressure and weariness related with working a vocation, it is a de-inspirational angle which prompts an absence of physical wellness. It is additionally observed at the youth level as there has been a negative increment in youth heftiness. There has been a more noteworthy accentuation on scholastics and kids investing more energy in the study hall realizing which has cut time which has generally been distributed for physical movement (Buckmaster, and Brownell, 1988). This is every one of the a consequence of our dynamic way of life which has prompted weight. So as to meet the characterization for corpulence, an individual must meet a BMI, weight record, of 27 which relates to 120% of the attractive load in contrast with stature. Subsequently, this overabundance weight has included physiological and mental ailments. Metabolic related illnesses related with stoutness can be insulin opposition, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and hyper strain (Dwyer, 1994). In insulin obstruction, insulin turns out to be less successful at bringing down blood sugars. Certain cells in muscles and fat become influenced because of the interruption of glucose and insulin. The abatement in the measure of insulin being discharged by the pancreas related with insulin opposition can prompt sort II diabetes. Hyperglycemia happens when there is an excess of sugar in the blood (Myers, 2004). This can be brough t about by an absence of activity, devouring such a large number of day by day calories, and so on. There are many incapacitating variables related with hyperglycemia, for example, kidney, neurological, and cardiovascular conditions. Hyperuricemia is a condition which is related with an anomalous increment in uric corrosive. In conclusion,

Trade in Energy and Energy Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Exchange Energy and Energy Security - Essay Example Besides, it is their lawful commitment to keep up the security and government assistance of the patient. During the sixties, a few issues developed, which focused on addressing and testing the standard conventions and estimations of society. One such issue was that of patients, who was in changeless vegetative state. The inquiry emerged whether a specialist reserved the privilege to pull back from treating such patients without the assent of the gatekeepers? Tireless vegetative state is viewed as that condition of human psyche, wherein the patient is in trance like state and has progressed towards â€Å"the state of fractional arousal†1. The term was presented and created in the seventies by Jennet and Plum. The point of this paper is to break down the lawful charges against a specialist, who had wouldn't treat a patient, who had been in a vegetative state for over three years, in the lights of expansive and different scholastic assets. Outline As referenced before, relentless vegetative state is that condition, wherein the human mind is seriously harmed and the patient is in extreme lethargies, trailed by slow development towards â€Å"the condition of attentiveness without perceivable awareness†2 . ... The articulation vegetable is has been utilized so as to characterize the current state of the human brain. Research proposes that a patient experiencing PVS can live for an extensive stretch and accordingly, the person isn't experiencing a lethal malady. On premise of morals, theory and ethical quality, the articulation looks to face and contest the day by day convictions and beliefs of human culture and the importance of being alive6. In addition, it conflicts with the points of view of singularity and character. Patients experiencing this condition are stuck in a zone and accordingly, they don't be able to associate with their environmental factors. Besides, their current perspective doesn't permit them to speak with their friends and family. From lawful point of view, the term tenacious vegetative state has not been characterized widely. Research proposes that the courts in United Kingdom â€Å"have required petitions before end of life bolster that exhibit that any recuperation of subjective capacities over a vegetative state is surveyed as unimaginable by definitive clinical opinion†7. In specific occasions, it has been recommended that these patients must be given the position to pass on calmly in light of their attentive oblivious condition. This issue has prompted a few lawful difficulties and along these lines, it has gotten basic to legitimately characterize the idea of PVS. As referenced before, there is no lawful definition for PVS. During the eighties, the Commission for Study of Legal and Ethical Problems in Medicine and Behavioral Research formally perceived the meaning of tenacious vegetative state, given by Jennett and Plum.8 The Commission endeavored to

Vietnam War Survey / For Use With O Brien s Things They...

Vietnam War Survey/ For Use with O’Brien’s Things They Carried The year was 1955, when the war of Vietnam had started. Only it had begun in early November, the days were cold and crisp. Ho Chi Minh, the communist leader in North Vietnam. Ho’s main goal was to engender all of Vietnam into a single state; which inaugurates the Vietnam War. The New World Encyclopedia explains, â€Å"U.S. deployed large numbers of military personnel to south Vietnam. U.S. military advisers first became involved in Vietnam as early as 1950, when they began to assist French colonial forces.† Unfortunately the number of casualties is unknown, but the New World Encyclopedia states that â€Å"U.S. military fatalities, including missing in action, 57,690; South Vietnamese military, 243,748; Australia and New Zealand military, 469; The Vietnamese Peoples Army and NLF, 666,000; South Vietnamese civilians, 300,000; North Vietnamese civilians, 65,000.† The outcome of the Vietnam War was both north and south Vietnam was unified into one state. The country also became a socialist republic, but that did not last long due to the Khmer Rouge. The Khmer rouge eventually cut ties with their allies, which upset Chinese. With all of that it turned the in the Chinese invasion to North Vietnam. With the answer to number two this war if often considered a conflict rather than a war is because of the fact that Vietnam had many wars. Consequently a way of distinguishing this war from the rest of them is calling it a conflictShow MoreRelatedTim OBriens The Things They Carried1170 Words   |  5 PagesAfter the Vietnam War, thousands of veterans suffered from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). For over fifty years PTSD previously referred to as â€Å"Shell Shock† has been a significant problem for Vietnam veterans. The National Veterans Readjustment survey conducted in 1988 found that 31% of men and 27% of women suffered from PTSD upon their return home from the Vietnam War. Important to realize, it was not until 1989 did the Veterans Administrations (VA) list PTSD as one of the leading conditionsRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesEDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form

Analysis of the Music Industry - 30024 Words

Music may be defined romantically as `the food of love (Shakespeare) or more prosaically as `sound with particular characteristics (Wikipedia), but it is undeniably a `vibrant artform (Arts Council England) and one which touches more people, in more ways, than any other art form. In commercial terms, music certainly generates a higher market value than the other arts, although a comprehensive market size for music in all its manifestations is impossible to calculate. Key Note has put a value of  £3.03bn on consumer spending on music in 2005, derived from three sectors: recorded music (which accounts for the bulk of the market), live music and musical instruments. However, data for other related markets are included, such as†¦show more content†¦Each chapter of the report starts with more detailed definitions and coverage. For coverage of recorded music, Key Note is grateful to the statistics and commentary provided by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), detailed later in this chapter under Key Trade Associations. For other sectors, an important component of the report is the field research into the attitudes and buying habits of UK consumers with regard to music, conducted for Key Note by NEMS Market Research specifically for this report. Report Background This is the first edition of a Market Review of the Music Industry published by Key Note. Although coverage is targeted mainly at the UK market, the global aspects of the music industry are given full acknowledgment. In particular, it is recorded music — by far the largest market by value — that has evolved a global structure. Since 2004, it has featured just four `majors owning dozens of famous labels and holding recording contracts (or back catalogues) for the vast majority of the world s top-selling recording artists. The `big four major groups, including the UK s own `home-grown giant, EMI Group PLC, also own rights to publish and to license the majority of successful songs, theme music, etc. These rights are increasingly important as the market moves towards a more fluid, ICT (information and communications technology)Show MoreRelatedMarketing Analysis : Music Industry4034 Words   |  17 PagesTrivedi Case 6: Music Industry CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 THE MUSIC INDUSTRY 1 INDUSTRY VALUE CHAIN 1 CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 2 DISTRIBUTION 4 RECORD LABELS 5 ARTISTS 5 TECHNOLOGY DISRUPTION 6 MEM RECORDS 8 MEM RECORDS VALUE CHAIN 8 VALUE PROPOSITION CANVAS 9 MARKET FORCES 10 PORTER’S 5 FORCES 10 ADDITIONAL FORCES AT PLAY 11 RECOMMENDATION 11 THREE HORIZON MODEL 11 HORIZON 1: 12 HORIZON 2: 12 HORIZON 3: 13 VALUE MIGRATION 13 DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION 14 â€Æ' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The music industry has been undergoingRead MoreBMG entertainment Music Industry SWOT analysis.983 Words   |  4 PagesSWOT Analysis and Recommendation if Music Industry Strengths: *First major record label to create websites branded towards different music genres. 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It also contains trends, projections, and opportunities within a fastRead MoreState Of The Current Music Industry1659 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction - State of the Current Music Industry 3 The Music Streaming Industry 6 Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 10 The Way forward for Deezer 10 References 12 â€Æ' Table of Figures Figure 1 Share of Industry Revenues (IFPI, 2015) 3 Figure 2 Global Digital revenues by Sector (IFPI, 2015) 4 Figure 3 Flow chart showing the change in the way music is distributed with the entrance of new actors such as streaming services (Oestricher Kuzma, 2009) 6 Figure 4 digital Music industry Value Chain showing 7 FigureRead MoreStrategic Analysis Of Sonic Records Employee Compensation1545 Words   |  7 Pagesstrategic analysis of Sonic Records employee compensation system and their recently added online on-line music warehouse and distributor E-Sonic. By creating this strategic analysis there becomes a pathway to make informed decisions on employee compensation strategies at all levels of E-Sonic. Having this detailed concise report helps provide paramount information for E-Sonic to grow organically and achieve the ultimate company objective of dominant market leadership in the online music categoryRead MoreMadonna Case Analysis1334 Words   |  6 PagesMadonna Case Analysis Introduction The following case study covers the foundation of Madonna’s business success and her continued global popularity over the past 20 years. Madonna has influenced people all over the world. Her quest for Superstardom is evident in her wide range of endeavors such as her records, concerts, movies, books, and charity events. She has the skill to market herself as a product while maintaining an edge, yet it is her experiences and sense of the world, art, fashionRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1349 Words   |  6 Pages Case Analysis: APPLE INC.: IPODS AND ITUNES Donna Martinelli TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY September 3, 2014 Table of Contents Executive Summary..................................................................................................3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Defining the Challenge...............................................................................................3 Analyzing the case data....................Read MoreDiscrimination And Self Image Of The Music Industry1191 Words   |  5 Pagesand Self-image in the music industry Wilfred Jengo Community College Of Philadelphia Abstract In American society, the media creates impossible expectations for women of African decent. 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Marketing Plan For Australian Catholic University †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan For Australian Catholic University. Answer: Background In today's aggressive scholastic condition where understudies have numerous choices accessible to them, calculates that empower educational establishments to pull in and hold understudies ought to be truly examined. Advanced education foundations, which need to pick up a focused edge, later on, may need to start looking for powerful and imaginative approaches to pull in, hold and cultivate more grounded associations with understudies. As a private association, it needs to rely on upon the connection and system of the market. Subsequently, rivalry to charm whatever number understudies as could reasonably be expected or supposed potential client may turn out to be increasingly extraordinary. To make the matter harder, as a private establishment, it doesn't have the benefit to get any sponsorships or monetary aids from the legislature (Abigail Caroline, 2012). The focused condition of advanced education these days has ended up being logically forceful, and various open schools and colleges have begun to get showcase arranged frameworks in like manner. This forceful condition is driven by different forces, fusing the advancement in corporate and income driven associations, a buyer's marketplace for understudies/understudies, and complex communicate correspondences movement systems. In this way, most foundations contest through a recognizable social occasion of private, public and income motivated associations for students as well as work force then for funding from the governmental institutions, community foundation, plus additional reserved bases. In such circumstances, a normal indispensable game plan may not be sufficient to give schools and colleges a doable procedure for arranging themselves seriously. Such customary course of action or arranging typically infers searching for costly systems for advancing institutional interests relate d to educating, research and organization (Angel et al, 2014). Market summary and Demand Assessment There is in all cases affirmation that human resources have transformed into the status quo of cash associated thriving and social achievement in the twenty-first century. In cutting-edge data heightened economies and social requests, man or woman and societal development are logically managed through creative advances. Flourishing obliges countries to hold their forceful edge through making and helping a skilled body of workers, maintaining up a universally engaged research base and upgrading the spread of studying for the advantage of a civilization free to move around at will. In this particular circumstance, advanced education addresses an essential consider progression and human capital change and accept a central part in the accomplishment and practicality of the data economy. Consequently, advanced education has ended up being continuously basic about nationwide inspiration and encounters noteworthy modifications globally on an earlier decade, has delineated on present review regarding instruction methodologies. According to Anna et al, (2017), an academic insurrection has happened in advanced learning in the 50 years put aside via phenomenal changes in point and contrasting merits. Banerjee (2016) characterizes success as a state felt by a man who has encounter execution or an end result that fulfill his or her desire. Success is a detail of the relative degree of goals and sees the execution. The desire may fit further as earlier than the understudies even enter the superior schooling, presenting that's crucial to the experts to decide first what the understudies anticipate before coming into the university. In contrary, achievement definitely covers issues of understudies' discernment and encounters amid the faculty years. While maximum understudy achievement contemplates concentrates on the standpoint of the client, professionals are confronting a problem of making a trendy definition for understudy fulfillment along these traces giving a need of consumer loyalty hypothesis to be chosen and altered with the goal that it is able to make clear the significance of understudy success. Regardless of the truth that it's miles hazardous to view understudies because the patron, however, given the prevailing surroundings of superior schooling marketplace, there may be another moral privilege that understudy has become the purchaser and along those strains can, as cost players, sensibly request that their perspectives followed up and be heard. Charles et al, (2012), for instance, emphasized the disrepute for being a variable, that is fixing closely to management's capability to encourage a hierarchical atmosphere coordinated at serving the necessities of its customers and to the image of the better learning institution. It is likewise manage related in that, it includes an ability to encourage trust and truth and provide person attention regarding understudies in a professional and binding manner. In time period of importance, the assessment has validated that apparent esteem is gotten essentially from price/fine, and detail that is firmly solving to the business university's potential to offer adequate services to understudies and persuade them that they're accepting high-quality services in return for what they provide through techniques for his or her educational expenses. Target Market and Segmentation As Chaudhary (2017) conflict thatmarketing is a non-select thought appropriate to all affiliations (not just profit benefit driven associations), distinctive portions of people, in general, have discovered advancing and marketing. Various colleges have now connected the key procedure of fundamental publicizing game plan. As might have been ordinary, various scholastics still confront the utilization of a gathered advertising tactic as some institutions are distress by alteration then reflect a publicizing strategy an experiment of academic dependability. Fran, all things considered, gives a key sense of duty regarding the written work, which could help vanquish this aversion. She illuminates the vital (yet remarkable) some portion of publicizing in advanced education by portraying how colleges change from other organization endeavors. The article also perceives the social commitments of advanced education not income driven affiliations, illuminating the unique setting of advanced education, and effectively battling that short-run wage or advantage extension should not to be the basic goal (Costas et al, 2017). A goal/target publicizing approach requires a consideration on no less than one picked feature or marketing pieces, and the progression of apportioned advancing projects for each area. Learning on sophisticated education shows distinctive segments of the marketplace react to the response slant for scholastic organizations. Dependent on the number and type of segments in a market to be centered around, Australian Catholic University would look for no less than two decisions for marketing: isolated, focused promotion and composed publicizing. For any university, marketing approaches make esteems among a university's partners. These partners are planned understudies, current understudies, graduated class, bosses of graduates, and money related supporters. For a state-bolstered University, the rundown of partners likewise incorporates citizens, the state lawmaking body and maybe the overall population. Confirmation workplaces may get themselves fundamentally worried with the forthcoming understudy partner gathering. To recognize showcase sections among imminent understudies, analysts manufacture a theoretical model that goes past socioeconomics. By understanding the general population served by the university, it is conceivable to create offerings that fulfill the necessities of this objective market (Desislava Michael, 2014). Current Market Analysis Place, frequently called appointment channel, is used by colleges remembering the ultimate objective to engage its marketplace to address troubles, desires, and cravings from understudies. Modern-day understudies or understudies can get noteworthy statistics through many sources because the exchange of it's been incorporated into a desire academic organization approach, apparently with the beyond saved the land zone of the university. The college ought to instruct the market with recognizing to its merchandising in the attitude of numerous sports plans of channels. These channels may want to comprise publicizing, promoting, attention, restrained time primarily based preparations tries, and individual arrangements contacts. The person preparations contact between the university and the understudy/understudy has given off an effect of being of essentialness, as beyond research suggests that understudies laid out the prerequisite for character course after they investigated unmistakable choice picks. The alternative segment of the promoting mix (advertising mix) is the value. As to and together with the college, this means the measure of money, which people pay for selecting up getting to know similarly to different matters from instructional activities, and thusly, each understudy and their humans recollect the budgetary repercussions of advanced training. In superior education, placement implies the direction in which the educational offer has to be rotated retaining in mind the cease goal to outperform clients' yearnings and moreover to the virtual get admission to instructional materials. Along those lines, the 4ps of the same old advancing blend practice an extreme effect on the execution of the insightful condition and this is the purpose the capacity clients of training businesses pay a brilliant deal of recognizing for those segments whilst settling on the decision of choosing the guides of Australian Catholic University. A mass marketing technique looks to draw in anybody and everybody with a solitary wide based marketing advance. A long time back, individuals working in school confirmation and others in initiative positions inside the focal organizations either did not consider the distinctive sections of understudies or trusted that insufficient customer contracts existed to legitimize diverse projects for different market fragments. Rather, they cooperated just with the individuals who connected and were conceded. Instead of distinguishing moderately homogeneous subsets of the whole market, mass marketing regards the whole market as an objective by concentrating on how shopper needs are comparative (Golnaz et al, 2014). PEST Analysis Every single political social affair inclined to target higher training as a primary win for anticipated spending cuts. Changes in preparing technique if unique social affair picked. Developing citizens may additionally infer that declarations focusing on prosperity and peace are greater politically commonplace than the ones defending spending on getting ready are. Authorities technique to increasing access could endorse the extra noticeable usage of faraway gaining knowledge of workplaces, which in this manner brings an extent of establishment and protection guidelines. With lessening direct authorities financing for advanced schooling, colleges have to expand new income streams, e.g., from members and understudy's prices. A hypothesis for non-manual classes has prolonged from 26% to 1/2 inside the period. At the mechanical front, systems, as an example, SharePoint can upgrade inner strategies and correspondence with the aid of methods for superior record enterprise and handle structures (Hazlett, 2013). The summarized PEST analysis for Australian Catholic University is on the next page. Political setting The institution of higher education risks being ineffective in providing excellence or it is distracted from academic precedency due to a proposal by the government. Changes to course outline in an abrupt manner Need for autonomy Economic setting Less funds on worldwide/state markets Superfluous college grounds in some areas inevitably affecting rivalry from local institutions of higher education The likelihood of honored personnel/lectures heading for extra prosperous campuses Social setting Demographic changes would impact on likely registrations or the nature of requirements of students, such as undergraduates who dont fully understand English Partiality of close relative an increase in dads sway gives parentages added inclination for their childs choice of university Technological setting Disturbing plus illegitimate broadcasting may affect safety measures on the internet. Shifting from paper based materials for referencing to e-books Computer hardware and software is out-of-date Less time to manage systems of IT Competitor Analysis The principle contender for the Australian Catholic University is the University of Sydney, situated in the hub of Sydney. The development of post-auxiliary faculties combating within the superior training market has directed, with simplest nine new associations coming into the more crucial better educational market in Sydney considering the fact that 2005. 75% of the associations fused into this survey have been arranged in Australia and every one of the foundations changed into non-public carriers. Now not as lots as a quarter presented submit-degree skills, for instance, moved declarations and affirmations. A present alternate in the submit assistant academic market is the posting of notification by using various regimes recommending that their understudies preserve up a crucial separation from private academic suppliers in different nations. The investigation of contender examination involves a focal position in the system. In this manner, a fundamental comprehension of the subject, and also an incorporated cognizance of both, is of principal significance. An essential goal of contender examination is to comprehend and anticipate the contention, or intelligent market conduct, between firms in their mission for a focused position in an industry. Toward this end, specialists have analyzed variables that impact focused reactions and their following execution suggestions and examples of passage into and exit from opponents' business sectors. Be that as it may, analysts have attempted to examine the pre-fight focused connection amongst adversaries and the degree to which it might foresee (Ian Ruth, 2015) conduct in the market. This oversight is expected mostly to the limited applied treatment of contender examination, which has not completely consolidated the fundamental predecessors that influence an association's focused a ction, not to mention considered them in an incorporated way. The power of contention, one of Porter's notable five powers driving rivalry, has remained mostly a hypothetical build limited to the business level. As far as breaking down firms contending in an industry, the key gathering methodology is by a wide margin the most prominent and applicable. In any case, scientists who utilize this approach have to a great extent disregarded the market setting in which contenders bear on their fights and the degree to which two firms really contend specifically against each other. In spite of the fact that the marketing writing perceives the significance of the market setting, its commitment has been principally in breaking down contenders and rivalry at the brand or individual market level, instead of at the firm level. Different methodologies generally speak to a high level of deliberation and depend principally on administrators' or specialists' subjective discernments, which frequently are too remote to be in any way connected with focused practic es in the market. SWOT Analysis The SWOT Analysis is for review of higher education as well as the expansion plans concerning Australia Catholic University. Strengths v Rationally valued v Situated nationwide and Europe v Lasting lecturers teach most of the classes v A strong association exists and a good communication point involving the faculty and the students Weaknesses v Insufficient fiscal funding in different agendas as well as units, e.g., faculty enquiries v Somehow lacking cultural, racial, and ethnic diversity v Decreased enrollment in the previous trimesters, followed by a lopsided expansion design Opportunities v Continuing scholarship for educational improvement as well as enhancement of the general public v Forecasts online v Countrywide presence for classes and a fashionable center for alumni or medical students v Coincidence to build an environment for scholars a great reputation in Australia Threats v Withdrawal of donors funds regarding Australian Catholic University v Probability of losing key professors in addition to staffs to a really superior chance at new home-grown university v Increased competition from home-grown community institutions of learning along with small private institution of higher education Value and Brand positioning Regardless of the way that marking has transformed into the latest fixation in training to drag in across the board understudies/understudies, little has been made approximately the effect out of emblem message on understudy's desire of education goal in advanced education. In a review of the written work, hypotheses are made and shortened in a hypothetical version, which turned into affirmed by survey audit. The delayed outcome of this survey shows that convincing emblem arranging of the university is reliant upon the form of message predicted; the constrained time media used, furthermore, the social estimations of capability understudy. The effects have vital outcomes for promoters of superior instruction. Brand positioning is an essential key choice and can be characterized as the demonstration of planning the organization's putting forth and picture to involve an unmistakable place in the psyche of the objective market. Ordinarily, a fruitful positioning procedure is connected to key abilities enlightening the special method for conveying an incentive to clients. Be that as it may, fruitful positioning is an aggregate procedure, requiring years of steady exertion, and particular positioning systems may work better with some client sections while disregarding others. The utilization and viability of various brand positioning methodologies have been beforehand examined for the most part in the buyer marketing setting. Ivy (2016) propose a customer based typology of eight diverse brand positioning methodologies, and in this way, the sort of positioning procedure affects corporate execution. Thusly, Fuchs partition the most noticeable brand positioning systems into elements, unique chara cteristics, coordinate advantages, circuitous benefits-, and surrogate-based systems, and exhibit that customers have a tendency to react best to profit based positioning methodologies. In any case, in spite of the fact that brand positioning is one of the key components of marketing administration, there are just a couple of studies that examine the brand positioning in the B2B setting. Mechanical firms tend to concentrate on building the brand at the corporate level and positioning their brands on firm-level qualities, for example, experience and notoriety, accentuating immaterial affiliations, for example, ability and dependability, as basic purposes of contrast. This is on the grounds that individual level judgments identified with choosing a provider with a solid brand can play a vital part in the obtaining choice, notwithstanding hierarchical level monetary and practical advantages. Meredith (2016) makes a refinement amongst expected and real brand positioning. The previous alludes to the way in which the organization plans the brand to be seen by clients and the last to the positioning data that is really displayed to clients through marketing correspondence. In mechanical markets, individual communication with clients assumes a noteworthy part in the real brand positioning, and each association between a firm and its partners turns into a contribution to the brand picture. In this way, the entire association needs to end up plainly mindful of the planned brand positioning technique and exhibit it reliably when cooperating with clients. Closing Remarks Because of a restricted word mean this exposition, the scientist presumes that Australia Catholic University is in the best function in the superior training show off. The survey prescribes that the capability to join the host. Society and being prepared to live easily inside the host country is an effect on ethnic understudies' choice of taking a look at the objective. The audit furthermore recommends that understudy's vital initiative isn't always mental but as an alternative have some part of effect with the aid of feeling. This alongside these strains influences an understudy yearning to arrive a nicely-paying role after commencement. Well-known emblem message decree regarding prosperity, understudy enhance organizations, practical educational cost charges and route flexibility (to avoid undue coins related weight on parents), graduates' everyday pay, paintings prospect and enterprise' factor of view of graduates are quite searched. Excellence of educational services is extensively stated as a precursor of fulfillment and ignoring it might endanger the aggressiveness of an association as achievement and depth of a carrier related institutions are between related. For that, denying or ignoring the importance of provider first-class is similar to taking a danger with the continuation and the aggressiveness of the principles for the reason that by using taking into consideration it carrier quality can without a doubt make clear right around 48% change in fulfillment. References Abigail Spong, Caroline Kamau. (2012). Cross?cultural impression management: a cultural knowledge audit model. Journal of International Education in Business, 22-36. Angel Po Cheung Lai , Paul Gibson , Siva Muthaly. (2014). Becoming an education provider of choice in Hong Kong: an inquiry into student decision making. International Journal of Education Management, 28(5), 590-609. Anna Siati, Rosemary Papa, and Ric Brown. (2017). Post-Graduate-Students Factors on Program Choice and Expectation. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 9(3). Banerjee, S. (2016). Influence of consumer personality, brand personality, and corporate personality on brand preference: An empirical investigation of interaction effect. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 198-216. Charles Blankson, Audhesh Paswan, Kwabena G. Boakye. (2012). College students consumption of credit cards. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 30(7), 567-585. Chaudhary, R. (2017). Demographic factors, personality and entrepreneurial inclination: A study among Indian university students. Education + Training, 171-187. Costas Assimakopoulos, Ioannis Antoniadis, Oliver G. Kayas, Dragana Dvizac. (2017). Effective social media marketing strategy: Facebook as an opportunity for universities. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 532-549. Desislava G. Budeva , Michael R. Mullen. (2014). International market segmentation: Economics, national culture and time. European Journal of Marketing, 48(7), 1209-1238. Golnaz Sababi Pour Asl and Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh. (2014). Strategic plan compilation using system dynamics modeling: case study of a university. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 277-292. Hazlett, K. (2013). Real?time Marketing and PR (2nd edition). Journal of Consumer Marketing, 30(5), 464-465. Ian K. Pepper , Ruth McGrath. (2015). Teaching the College of Policing pre-employment Certificate in Knowledge of Policing to undergraduate students: A student and staff evaluation. Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning, 5(2), 196-206. Ivy, J. (2016). Choosing futures: influence of ethnic origin in university choice. International Journal of Educational Management, 24(5), 391-403. Joerg Dietz, Stacey R. Fitzsimmons, Zeynep Aycan, Anne Marie Francesco, Karsten Jonsen, Joyce Osland, Sonja A. Sackmann, Hyun-Jung Lee, Nakiye A. Boyacigiller. (2017). Cross-cultural management education rebooted: Creating positive value through scientific mindfulness. Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 125-151. Jorge Luiz Henrique , Celso Augusto de Matos. (2015). The influence of personal values and demographic variables on customer loyalty in the banking industry. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 571-587. Julien Barrier and Christine Musselin. (2016). Draw Me a University: Organizational Design Processes in University Mergers. In E. P. Paradeise, The University Under Pressure (pp. 361-364). Emerald Publishing Group. Laura Illia, John M.T. Balmer. (2012). Corporate communication and corporate marketing: Their nature, histories, differences and similarities. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 17(4), 415-433. Madeleine King , Arti Saraswat , John Widdowson. (2015). The experiences of students studying higher education on a part time basis in English further education colleges. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 5(1), 63-73. Mahsood Shah , Chenicheri Sid Nair , Lorraine Bennett. (2013). Factors influencing student choice to study at private higher education institutions. Quality Assuarance in Education, 21(4), 402-416. Mai Thi Ngoc Dao , Anthony Thorpe. (2015). What factors influence Vietnamese students choice of university? Internetional journal of Educational Management, 29(5), 666-681. Meredith, L. (2016). Multiple marketing plans: an analytical template. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 519-530. Mooij, M. d. (2015). Cross-cultural research in international marketing: clearing up some of the confusion. International Marketing Review, 646-662. Mukta Kulkarni, Siddharth Nithyanand. (2013). Student Academic Optimism: a confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Educational Administration, 51(2), 150-175. Prashan Shayanka Mendis Karunaratne, Y. A. (2016). Transforming the economics curriculum by integrating threshold concepts. Education + Training, 58(5), 492-509. Robert L. Harrison, Timothy M. Reilly. (2011). Mixed methods designs in marketing research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 7-26. Tian, R. G. (2011). International Communications Strategy: Development in Cross?cultural Communications, PR and Social Media. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(3), 242-244. Yasuda, H. (2013). Negotiating entertainment and education: a zoo in Japan. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(1), 105-112.

Uniforms Cannot Control School Violence Essays - Uniforms

Uniforms Cannot Control School Violence Uniforms Cannot Control Violence Bomb threats, shootings, fist fights and even name calling: all of these are taking place in our schools today. School boards around the country are searching for the cause in a desperate attempt to end the school violence. Some say forcing the students to wear uniforms will do the trick. I do not think wearing uniforms will lessen school violence any more than it will win a fashion contest. Many students express who they are through the way they dress. For example, if a teenager wants to show the world that he loves Jesus, then he or she might wear a T-shirt that states a positive view on the subject. Similarly, a student might want to wear green colored clothing to celebrate St. Patrick's day. School uniforms would destroy both of these instances of freedom and even more. Just as it is with every group of people, there is going to be a few folks who strive to be noticed my others. If uniforms are enforced, the students can no longer express themselves through their clothes. Therefore, they will find new ways to let their true feelings shine through. Piercings, weird hair and dramatic make-up will become more popular. That would result in our schools consisting of stranger looking people than before. The establishment of school uniforms will not affect the amount of school violence. Clothing is not the problem. Studies have shown that the cause for violence in the schools starts at home between a student and his or her family. Teenagers who have been neglected or mistreated by their parents tend to be the ones who commit violent acts against their teachers and schoolmates. I feel that the use of uniforms will strip the student body of its individuality and cause negative creativity. Students will rebel and be uncooperative in class, thus causing more on-campus violence. We need to focus on developing a better home life before we try to change the things that it effects. In doing so, that would make all the schools around the country a safer and more desirable place to learn. Social Issues

Postmodernism in photography Essay Example

Postmodernism in photography Essay Example Postmodernism in photography Paper Postmodernism in photography Paper Postmodernism in photography and the notion of post-photography seen through a retrospective analysis of color implication in Evergons work. This research is inspired by an inject print Vegator Beach, Goa, India 2001, by Evergon and baised on Photography After Art Photography, an essay by Abigail Solomon-Godeau and a book by W. J. Mitchell Reconfigured Eye: The Visual Truth in The Post-Photographic Era Post Modernism : What does it mean? Rather than a style post modernism presented photographers with strategic options. To use it more self-consciously, exploring depictions of the body, for example, through contemporary social, economic, and political discourse. As a consequence, postmodernist photographers break into taboo subjects, representing for instance sexuality, (of children, of adolescents, gay men, .. ) A second postmodernist strategy is to exploit and embrace earlier styles in art, even styles condemned as artificial, and use them to make photography. (Pultz, John, Photography and the Body, The Orion PublishingGroup,London,1995(chapter6pp. 144-169). Postmodernism is a complicated term, or set of ideas, one that has only emerged as an area of academic study since the mid-80s. The problem with postmodernism is that it is hard to define because it is striving to be new all the time. How does it do this? It denies the any existence of the past but it re-uses it by deconstructing it into forms and pieces, which are unrecognizable. It is not only subject matter which is new it is also form. In order to achieve new forms it uses past by referring to previous styles, genres and forms that creates something original. Once it has been created it is no longer post-modern because it has become real, solid, it is no longer about the future it is about the past. Consequently, postmodernism is hard to define, because it is a concept that appears in a wide variety of disciplines or areas of study, including art, architecture, music, film, photography, literature, sociology, communications, fashion, and technology. Its hard to locate it temporally or historically, because its not clear exactly when postmodernism begins, but according A. Solomon-Godeau, talking about postmodernism in photography, we may take as a point of departure a Mirrors and Windows photo exhibit, organized by john Szarcovski in 1977, where within modern photography the idea of postmodernism came to the fore of the days of the issues of respective uses of photography, raised by Andy Warhool, Robert Ruchenberg and Ed Rusha. Those (postmodern) ideas actually encompassed photography and encouraged the mixing of other media with photography, allowing photographers to experiment with the medium and its possibilities, crossing borders and breaking down taboos in relation of art making. Those process of quotation, excerption, framing, and staging ( ) necessitate uncovering strata of representation stated A. Solomon-Godeau, in Photography After Art Photography essay, and as we can see it in Evergons early collages, Xerox color prints, Interlocking Polaroids, and large-format Polaroids.

Higher education in Pharmacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Higher education in Pharmacy - Essay Example I have always been scientifically inclined with keen interests towards medical field. Pharmacy has wide scope in the current market and degree in Pharmacy would provide me informed choices so as to exploit opportunities for personal and professional growth. My long term goals are to become successful pharmacist and serve my community. I want to go back to my roots and show them that education is a strong tool for becoming a successful person and professional. I come from a poor family and had to work hard from an early age to survive. But I am also self driven person with strong ambition for prosperous future. I want to become a successful pharmacist and show my people that hard work and education are important to achieve goals in life. My strong interests in the medical field have been the motivating force for studying pharmacy. The pharmacy school represents my hopes of the future and it would help me to realize my dreams. My strong interests in the medical field have been the motivating force for studying pharmacy. The pharmacy school represents my hopes of the future and it would help me to realize my dreams of becoming a successful person.

The Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Business Environment - Essay Example Businesses also aid in settling economic requirement of more than 70% of Kenyan citizens through the provision of employment opportunities. Through these employments, the government is able to involve the large population in the day to day national economic activities. Business organizations are able to produce significant quantities of goods at reduced cost. The economies of the scale are achieved; business organizations incur lower costs per unit of output because they operate on a large scale thus lower price of their products (Wang, 2009). In fact, large-scale account for over 60 per cent of all the private sector’s production. A substantial output in the gross domestic product (GDP) is thus achieved nationally due to this high percentage. Business has also enhanced economic development through encouraging competitive innovation. It is through competitive innovation that the nature of products and services Improves on a daily basis. A good example is the banking industries , initially they had only over the counter transaction, later came the automated teller machines and now mobile banking that are developments that were brought about by innovation. It is also through this that the consumers get to use the up to standard goods and services. Businesses also give chances to entrepreneurship which greatly help in the development of the economy (Haraf & Willett, 1990). Both for-profit and nonprofit profit has their share of contribution to the economy. The for-profit organizations participate actively through payment of revenues, employment creation, service provision, and production of goods and services that to the public. On the other hand, nonprofit organizations might be exempted from tax payment, but still do play a significant role in a country’s economy through involvement in activities like, provision of education, health services, voluntary provision of professional services like counseling, community services and quite a variety of serv ices essential to the sustenance of the economy. Nonprofit organizations always have it rough when it comes to capital acquisition. This is clearly portrayed by their depend on donors, well wisher and in some cases grants from the government. On the other hand, the for-profit organizations always have more option ranging from selling shares to investors, liquidating of assets, and credit from banks and profit from a business transaction. Another difference crop up when we view how the assets are handled. In the nonprofit organizations, the assets are considered nobody’s property, thus in the case of dissolution, the assets might be considered for donation to another organization of the same nature. Unlike the non-profit organizations, the for-profit organizations have their assets owned by the owners of the business (Doole & Lowe, 2008). Monetary policy can be described as the procedure through which a country control the supply of its currency while fiscal policy can be desc ribed as the use of taxes and expenditures by the government to manipulate the economy. There are majorly two forms of monetary policy programs: expansionary (easy) monetary policy and restrictive monetary policy (Wang, 2009). The expansionary monetary policy lowers the domestic currency exchange rate thus weakening the current account and ultimately improving the financial account. Vise versa

Nurses floating to different specialized areas Essay Example for Free

Nurses floating to different specialized areas Essay Abstract: Floating is a staffing strategy that is seen as a solution to the general problem of nursing shortage. Floating involves utilizing nurses to work in different specialized units. Floating has its advantages in that it gives nurses an opportunity for overall professional development and relieves them from additional responsibilities such as delegating and staffing. Float nurses stick to patient care. However, as they have to work in units for which they are not sufficiently educated or trained, they find themselves inadequate in providing quality patient care. Moreover, it affects their overall sense of connectedness with their patients, their peers, and their specialty department. Thus, floating of nurses is considered by many as a threat to both nurses and patients. However, more recently, it has been found that the float nurse can be trained to meet varied needs of specialized units. This is made all the more easier when the float nurse undergoes training for a cluster of closely related specialty units. Resource teams are float pools where specialty of the nurse is recognized and training is provided as per needs by the management. Introduction: Nursing shortage is one of the major issues facing the healthcare sector of the United States. This is attributed mainly due to lack of enthusiasm amongst the youngsters today for pursuing nursing as a career option and secondly due to the rising population. To counter the increasing demands of nursing, the concept of floating has been introduced in many hospitals and clinical settings. Floating is a very recent phenomenon in nursing introduced mainly due to problems such as staffing shortages and fluctuating census (Dziuba-Ellis, 2006). Nurses are in general trained to work in particular specialties. But working in different specialized units requires them to undergo cross-training. This causes stress to the nurses and they lose their efficiency and confidence of attending to critically ill patients in specialized departments. In fact, when nurses are floated to different specialized units, both the nurses and the patients suffer. While the nurses find themselves inadequately trained to work in certain specialized units, patients face the danger of negligent or faulty treatment. Suitable analysis of issues involved in floating of nurses to different specialized units shows that this is highly risky both from the viewpoint of nurses and the viewpoint of patients. This problem is particularly relevant in today’s context as the concept of having a float pool of nurses is touted as a solution to the overwhelming national problem of nursing shortage. This paper focuses on the issue of floating of nurses to various specialized units in the United States – the reasons for floating, impact of such floating on nurses, impact of floating on patients and how to adapt this concept to the situation of nursing shortage. This paper will not cover alternate solutions to nursing shortage. The floating of professional nurses to unfamiliar practice settings should be avoided as it leads to unsafe practice situations and if at all floating is found to be totally essential, it must be ensured that it is allowed only in emergency situations when an increased demand for nurses with general basic skills is expected. Literature Review: The research report titled Nursing Resource Team: An Innovative Approach to Staffing by Baumann et al (June 2005) contrasts the traditional float pools with resource teams and after detailed analysis of the case study of the Nursing Resource Team at Hamilton Health Sciences from September 2002 until June 2004, concludes that resource teams as an innovative staffing strategy creates opportunities for full-time work, and provide nurses with opportunities for professional development. According to Baumann et al, floating is not a new practice. Nursing shortages that existed between 1974 and 1979 lead to innovative staffing solutions and floating was one of them. However, floating came to be known as resource team in 1981 when the term was first used in an article to describe the creation and organization of a float pool (Baumann et al, 2005). Earlier, float pools or resource teams were used across Canada and the US to save expenditure, counter the shortage of nurses, fluctuations in patient census, acuity, volume, and care demands. Baumann et al point out that use of float pools/resource teams is often viewed as a staffing strategy – one that facilitates flexible manipulation of staff. Today, float pools are more of a recruitment and retention strategy and this is proved by a study conducted by Crimlisk (Crimlisk et al, 2002). Contrary to this finding, however, experts in Canada suggest float staff do not serve retention purposes. According to Baumann et al, the NRT approach is different from the float pool in that it recognizes nursing expertise. In the case of float pools, a nurse is regarded as a generic worked who is able to work with different patient groups and utilize many skill sets. Further, the literature indicates that float nurses may be deployed as either assistive or replacement staff. According to a study by organizational development specialist Suzanne C. Luongo, titled â€Å"Connectedness as a Motivator for Nurse Retention at the Bedside† (2004). It has been found that floating is a disruption to connectedness to patients and families, connectedness to peers and connectedness to administration of the institution. This study was based on group interviews of staff nurses who have been at the bedside for a minimum of 5 years and have received high evaluations. While the first study focused on defining the concept of floating and explaining how it is applied in the nursing context, the second study raises the warning that float nurses may not enjoy their job because the job takes away the connection that a nurse needs to develop with the patients, the peers, and to the administration. When nurses are shifted through various specialized units, they cannot follow up on patients continuously; they cannot form stable friendships among other nurses and will not form any attachment to any specialized unit (Luongo, 2004). Crimlisk et al (2002) in their study titled â€Å"New graduate RNs in a float pool: An inner-city hospital experience† focus on the view of nurse managers and nurse educators that fresh graduate RNs cannot be included in a float pool. They prefer to have experienced nurses with multiple skills. However, the authors say that new graduate RNs are highly motivated, ready-to-learn, educationally prepared and intellectually stimulated though they do not have much clinical experience. The authors present a program for training new graduate RNs to practice nursing in a float pool. It has been proved that the program resulted in a 96% retention rate Boston Medical Center Nursing Division (Crimlisk et al, 2002). Moreover, the program offered the medical surgical units a strong clinical support float nurse, nursing managers a staffing solution in times of need, and the new graduate RN a broad range of clinical experiences making them more valuable members of the healthcare team. According to Crimlisk et al, this training model can be replicated in other institutions. Thus, this study gives a positive approach to the inevitable staffing solution of having a float pool of nurses. Crimlisk concludes that fresh graduate nurses who do not have the experience needed to become a float nurse should be trained specially to become more flexible and versatile (Crimlisk et al, 2002). Thus, this study holds that floating of nurses to specialized departments does not necessarily need only experienced nurses. With training, even newly graduated RNs can handle various specialized services in nursing. The article titled Full-Time or Part-Time Work in Nursing: Preferences, Tradeoffs and choices by Jennifer Blythe et al (2005), reviews historical trends in full-time and part time work in the general workforce and among nurses in particular. The study was conducted at three teaching hospitals in Ontario with more than 400 beds and included 10 focus groups of RNs and RPNs. Fourteen additional interviews were conducted with hospital administrators who were knowledgeable about nursing work arrangements. According to this paper human resources managers in all hospitals agreed that investment in full time staff saved â€Å"costs, provided better coverage, higher commitment, lower turnover and more continuity of car and more stable relationships in nursing and multidisciplinary teams† (Blythe et al, 2005). To increase full time jobs, the paper reports that one hospital offered a float pool of full time nurses in critical care, maternal-child and medical surgical areas. This float pool was part of a training strategy to help novice nurses to progress from medical surgical settings to specialist areas with shortages. However, it was found that these floating jobs appealed only to nurses with particular needs. The first study indicated that float nurses could be absorbed as assistive or replacement staff. According to the second study float nurses suffer due to lack of connectedness whereas the third study showed that float nurses could be trained to acquire new skills. But despite such training and absorption, this study takes a neutral stand that only some nurses can enjoy the experiences that come through float jobs depending on their needs. While the lack of connectedness and lack of training are cited to be discouraging factors in floating nurses, this study brings in a third angle – that of needs of nurses. Only nurses with particular needs would like floating to different specialized units. According to the study by Hugonnet et al (2004) titled â€Å"Nursing resources: a major determinant of nosocomial infection? † there is growing concern that changes in nurse workforce and hospital-restructuring interventions negatively impact on patient outcomes. The review focuses on the association between understaffing and health-care-associated infections. Previous studies have shown that overcrowding, understaffing or a misbalance between workload and resources are important determinants of nosocomial infections and cross-transmission of microorganisms. Importantly, not only the number of staff but also the level of their training affects outcomes. The evidence that cost-driven downsizing and changes in staffing patterns causes harm to patients cannot be ignored, and should not be considered as an inevitable outcome (Hugonnet et al, 2004). The fact that ‘level of training’ affects outcomes is a major finding as float nurses often suffer from inadequate skills. In this study it has been found that such inadequacy can lead to nosocomial infections and cross-transmission of microorganisms (Hugonnet, 2004). Thus it is indirectly implied that floating of nurses can lead to such infections and cross transmission of microorganisms. This study brings out a scientific drawback in the floating of nurses – one that could be detrimental physically to both nurses and the patients. This finding is further strengthened by the finding of Stone et al (2004) who point out that nursing shortage is managed by many health care facilities by expanded use of nonpermanent staff, such as float pool and agency nurses. Overwork and fatigue among these nurses have been associated with medication errors and falls, increased deaths, and spread of infection among patients and health care workers (Stone et al, 2004). Issue Analysis: RNs at many health care institutions have traditionally been required to float to other units as a solution to the issue of staffing shortage. Staffing practices, like floating, cross-training and the use of larger float pools are highly debated with focus on quality patient care and less stressful environment at work for nurses. Studies show that nurses naturally want to use the expertise theyve gained over the years on their own specialized units. But if they must work in a different area, or even if they choose to work on different units, they want the appropriate orientation to provide competent, safe care. According to Christine Kane-Urrabazo, MSN, RN, in Said another way: our obligation to float, floating is a viable solution to the issue of nursing shortage. She says that the though floating is opposed on the basis of many arguments, they are not justifiable when weighted against the consequences of not floating (Kane-Urrabazo, 2006). The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), requires all accredited organizations to ensure that â€Å"†¦all staff providing patient care and services on behalf of the organization are properly oriented to their jobs and the work environment before providing care, treatment, and services† (JCAHO, 2004, p. 5). This means, regardless of the settings, it is important for professional nurses to maintain clinical competence. According to the American Nurses Association (ANA, 2005), it is recommended that there should be a systematic plan for the cross-training of staff expected to float to ensure competence (2005). â€Å"The Psychological Stresses of Intensive Care Unit Nursing† by Hay and Oken focuses on floating in the ICU that provides complex nursing care (1972). The float nurse in the ICU is exposed to traumatic events such as death and dying, posing threats of object loss and personal failure. The nurse in the ICU needs to be familiar in handling many kinds of complex technical equipments and make correct measurements. The nurse in the ICU should be capable of making observations about her patients condition, to interpret subtle changes and use judgment to take appropriate action. Moreover, the nurse must maintain detailed records. Because of this and the nature of her tasks, temporarily floating in nurses from elsewhere when staff is short can be dangerous when the specialized unit concerned is the ICU (Hay and Oken, 1972). Kelly Herbig, RN-OCN, Rockford Memorial Hospital, Rockford, in her article titled â€Å"The highs of floating† in Nursing Spectrum says that she enjoys a lot of benefits as a float nurse. She points out that as a float nurse, she needs to focus only on patient care and need not deal with issues of staffing, delegating, and other charge-nurse responsibilities. Kelly Herbig says: â€Å"Floating to different departments and units affords me the chance to meet and work with a wide variety of staff and physicians†¦.. Talking to them about their experiences and viewpoints has helped me broaden my own views and given me a new perspective on nursing† (Herbig, 2004). Best of all she says that as a float staff, she is often viewed positively as â€Å"the help, the relief, the answer to the problem of short staffing†. On the contrary we have the case of Jackie. Badzek et al (1998) in her research article titled Administrative ethics and confidentiality privacy issues cites the case of Jackie. As a float nurse, Jackie found her work very stressful. She had to rotate between many units and patients. Each day she worked on a different unit with different co-workers. She developed few friendships or collegial relationships. She was often dispensing medications and treatments she found unfamiliar. When she attempted to ask questions, she found she approached gruff busy attending doctors and young uninformed house staff. Feeling trapped, Jackie began to divert narcotics (Badzek et al, 1998). This case highlights the plight of the float nurse without specific training and also offers a glimpse to the stress levels of an untrained float nurse. Many states have laws that indicate that it’s considered negligent or unprofessional for a nurse to offer or perform services for which she is not qualified by education, training, or experience. Therefore, accepting floating assignments for which the nurse is not qualified can jeopardize his or her career. There can be lawsuits and also disciplinary action by the state board of nursing. Disciplinary action can include license limitation, suspension, or revocation, and possibly mandatory continuing education (Gobis, 2001). In the study titled â€Å"When terror is routine: how Israeli nurses cope with multi-casualty terror†, authors Riba and Reches report on the case of Israeli nurses working in hospitals and looking after emergency care in times of terror attacks (Riba and Reches, 2002). Based on qualitative analysis of the data collected from focus group discussions involving 60 nurses and analysis of problems faced by them, the authors make a few recommendations in the context of floating. Riba and Riches recommend that post-basic courses in emergency medicine and trauma should be expanded to include emergency room logistics, stress management techniques, and debriefing strategies. Moreover, for nurses floating into emergency care from other departments, they suggest that an annual workshop should be held that includes drills for emergency care. They also suggest that the ER charge nurse should be provided training in leadership and group dynamics. Thus we find that the training that should be insisted for float nurses should be related to the specialized units for which they are chosen to work. This finding is also in accordance with the conclusion of the research report titled Nursing Resource Team: An Innovative Approach to Staffing by Baumann et al (June 2005). Indicators that can be used to measure success of these specially trained staff would be based on measuring retention in clinical settings where such trained float personnel are used. Susan Trossman, RN in her article titled â€Å"Staffing smart: A difficult proposition† says that cross-training to several units will make a nurse end up being an expert at little things and lose in-depth specialty advantage. Kim Armstrong, RNC, has worked at Tacoma General Hospital in Washington for 20 years. She agrees that cross-training gives RNs a greater range of skills. But, she says, It also dilutes skills. She clearly points out that floating nurses to various units and making them accept assignments for which they are educationally unprepared are putting their patients and their livelihood at risk. A nurse at the Elms College hearing illustrates this point. I was recently floated to Hematology/Oncology unit and had 8 patients. Six patients were on research protocols, each with 6 to 10 medications that I had to deliver. I didnt know any of these drugs. Many nurses do not even know their deficits (Nursing Report, 2001). In this context, it must be noted that there is a direct relationship to the skill of nurses and the number of nurses to patient outcomes (Nursing Report, 2001). All the above arguments indicate to only one clear solution. In a country that is facing nursing shortage, it would be unreasonable to say that floating should be totally banned. As numerous studies have shown, what is needed is adequate training of staff for various specialties. This argument is further stressed by Ruth Shumaker, RN, CNOR, and president of the Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc. : The valuable nurse in the next millennium is the one who can do more who has the knowledge base to function as a specialist but also as a generalist working in multiple areas† (Trossman, 1999). Recommendations: While it is understood that float nurses need special training and education, one should remember that such skills imparted through short term programs tend to be forgotten if not used constantly. Hence they need regular scheduled workshops. Some recommendations to remember while choosing to have a float pool of nurses are (NYSNA, 2005): †¢ Nurses should not be floated to unfamiliar practice settings. †¢ If floating is deemed necessary, it should only be permitted in emergency situations that call for general nursing care. †¢ The RN should be able to self-evaluate and ask for further knowledge or training as her job needs. She should be granted the right to refuse assignments for which she is neither qualified nor trained. †¢ The charge nurse/supervisor should take the responsibility of allotting a particular float nurse to a particular specialized unit. If possible, she should assign a regular staff member of the specialized unit to guide and instruct the new float nurse. †¢ The healthcare facility should be able to perform needs assessment on a continuous process and provide inter department training as per needs. By monitoring trends in nursing indicators such as turnover, satisfaction, work-related illnesses and injury, overtime, etc. , they should also evaluate and maintain the quality of the nurse’s work life. Conclusion: Further research should be conducted as to the type of skills a float nurse is expected to perform in her various specialized units. It has been proved that resource teams that are an improvised float pool are ideal to counter the problem of nursing shortage. In resource teams, nurses work in their area of clinical expertise and preference, developing â€Å"in-depth knowledge of particular clinical populations. † Sometimes, nurses may be assigned as generalists and specialists from the float pool or resource team. It has been found that training is better possible when nurses are assigned to clinical clusters with certain patient populations. Examples of clustered units include critical care and emergency departments, adult medical-surgical, and pediatrics. However, nurses may also be sent to areas such as medical-surgical for which it is assumed only generic skills are required. The following general points should be remembered while implementing float pool nursing as a staffing strategy: Innovations should be introduced in a phased manner; it is important to have consistent leadership during the implementation phase; Orientation and interpretative sessions must be planned and roles of float nurses should be charted in detail; Evaluation should be done on a continual basis. With respect to the float pool of nurses, it must be ensured that their number is large enough so that there is no overtime. Care should be taken to ensure that clinical clusters include relatively narrow and related skill sets and areas of expertise. To make floating of nurses to different specialty units, a viable solution to the problems of nursing shortage and quality care, it is important that the top management, the nurse in charge and the float nurse all work in synchronization towards providing respect and support for development of float nurses as specialists with patient-specific expertise and experience. When individual nurses are deployed only to those areas for which they possess the requisite skills, there is mutual benefit for the nurses as well as for the patients to whom they offer their valuable services. Bibliography: American Nurses Association (2005). Utilization guide for the ANA â€Å"Principles for nurse staffing†. Silver Spring, MD: Author Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. (2004). Systems analysis. Ensure that your float staff and contracted staff are providing safe care. Joint Commission Perspectives on Patient Safety, 4(7), 5-6. New York State Nurses Association. (2005). NYSNA position statements, RN staffing effectiveness and nursing shortage. Latham, NY: Author. http://www. nysna. org/programs/nai/practice/positions/floating. htm Kane-Urrabazo, Christine (2006). Said Another Way: Our Obligation to Float. Nursing Forum. Volume 41, Issue 2, Page 95. April 2006. http://www. blackwell-synergy. com/doi/abs/10. 1111/j. 1744-6198. 2006. 00043. x Luongo et al (2004). Connectedness as a Motivator for Nurse Retention at the Bedside. July 24, 2004. Nurse Retention. http://stti. confex. com/stti/inrc15/techprogram/paper_17745. htm Hugonnet et al (2004). Nursing resources: a major determinant of nosocomial infection? Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. 17(4):329-333, August 2004. Copyright Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. http://www. co-infectiousdiseases. com/pt/re/coinfdis/abstract. 00001432-200408000-00009. htm;jsessionid=FDkbKKGyZ54nPbDSzyJwhhhBs1b8hS866nCYvc8Lxqp2qV1zHRp5! 2082300909! -949856145! 8091! -1 Crimlisk et al (2002). New graduate RNs in a float pool. An inner-city hospital experience. Journal of Nursing Administration. April 2002. 32(4):211-7. http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/entrez/query. fcgi? db=pubmedcmd=Retrievedopt=AbstractPluslist_uids=11984257itool=iconabstrquery_hl=6itool=pubmed_docsum Crimlisk et al (2002). New Graduate RNs in a Float Pool: An Inner-city Hospital Experience. Journal of Nursing Administration. 32(4):211-217, April 2002. http://www. jonajournal. com/pt/re/jona/abstract. 00005110-200204000-00010. htm;jsessionid=FDmP1gHbHHxZW8Rvmffskj9WcBrHyqH9WYdGTLq0ftDVdJyt8141! 2082300909! -949856145! 8091! -1 Dziuba-Ellis, Jennifer (2006). Float Pools and Resource Teams: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Nursing Care Quality. 21(4):352-359, October/December 2006. http://www. jncqjournal. com/pt/re/jncq/abstract. 00001786-200610000-00013. htm;jsessionid=FDmJkWq3P7J4btG4yWyy9L1CdkfnTw61myy60RB4WYG5RFRJ32wy! 2082300909! -949856145! 8091! -1 Badzek et al (1998). Administrative Ethics and Confidentiality Privacy Issues. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. December 31, 1998. Available at http://www. nursingworld. org/ojin/topic8/topic8_2. htm Stone et al (2004). Nurses working conditions: Implications for infectious disease. November 2004. Emerging Infectious Diseases 10(11), pp. 1984-1989. http://www. ahrq. gov/RESEARCH/dec04/1204RA4. htm Herbig, Kelly (2004). The Highs of Floating. Nursing Spectrum. http://nsweb. nursingspectrum. com/cfforms/GuestLecture/HighsOfFloating. cfm Gobis, Linda (2001). The Perils of Floating: When nurses are directed to work outside their areas of expertise. The American Journal of Nursing. September 2001. Volume 101, Issue 9. http://www. nursingworld. org/AJN/2001/sept/Wrights. htm Riba and Reches (2002). When terror is routine: how Israeli nurses cope with multi-casualty terror. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. Vol. #7 No. #3, Manuscript 5. Available: http://www. nursingworld. org/ojin/topic19/tpc19_5. htm Trossman, Susan (1999). Staffing smart: A difficult proposition. American Nurse. Nursing World. 1999. http://nursingworld. org/tan/99janfeb/float. htm. Nursing Report (2001). Report of the Legislative Special Commission on Nursing and Nursing Practice. May 2001. http://www. mass. gov/legis/reports/nursingreport. htm Blythe et al (2005). Full-Time or Part-Time Work in Nursing: Preferences, Tradeoffs and choices. Healthcare Quarterly Vol. 8 No. 3. 2005. Pages 69-77. www. nhsru. com/documents/Full-time%20or%20part-time%20work%20in%20nursing%202005. pdf Hay, Donald and Oken, Donald (1972). The Psychological Stresses of Intensive Care Unit Nursing. Psychosomatic Medicine. Volume 34, No. 2. March/April 1972. www. psychosomaticmedicine. org/cgi/reprint/34/2/109. pdf.

Internet Taxation Essay -- Taxing Internet Web Essays

Internet Taxation Should states and local governments be able to impose internet tax on individuals and corporations? Maybe they should not, but they are. There are currently twelve states and the district of Colombia that currently impose sales tax on internet access. There are also 10 states that presently collect taxes on data downloads. Who pays for these taxes? And how is this tax computed? Is there truly justification for this taxation or is it just another way for federal, states, and local governments to collect potentially huge tax revenues? And what effects will these taxes have on the internet? Would taxing the internet kill the industry? In any case, individuals should educate themselves about internet taxation. There are three primary types of internet taxes: taxes on internet access, Sales and use tax, taxation on information and other non-tangible goods obtained from the internet (http://by4fd.bay4.hotmail.msn.com). One type of internet tax is the Internet access tax. These are taxes enforced on individuals or corporations for use internet access. Currently, there are 10 states which charge for internet access. These taxes are sometimes undetected by the customer because the tax is already embedded in the information or data processing services fee or the telecommunication services fee that is already being paid. So it is likely that firms or individuals don’t even realize they are paying this internet tax. If the internet tax is not already imbedded in these fees it would mean that the firm or individual would have to pay additional fees to access the internet. In many situations the imposed taxes are paid for by the internet service provider. For the states that are not currently paying taxes f... ...ack and watch internet retailers take advantage for so long. Though it seems fair to tax information and intangible goods, many internet customers are not going to be willing to pay for these taxes in addition to having to deal with longer time period to access the internet. Usually when people pay more they expect something in exchange. So taxing information and intangible goods does not seem like a wise move to make, unless there is a way of speeding up the internet speed and/or making internet access faster. Customers are just not going to pay more for less. This assignment has made me aware of what internet taxation is and informed me about the major controversy over it. I now know that there are many states in the U.S. that charge customers internet taxes. And I feel fortunate to live in Arizona where we do not have to pay these taxes at this time!!!

Middle School Book Report Format

Middle School Book Report Format Thesis idea: This book is unique – Do not use the word â€Å"unique† anywhere in the report. Use your thesaurus to find a better word! Paragraph Order: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction Setting Characters Plot Plot Resolution Conclusion Paragraph Description: I. The introduction contains the thesis idea. II. The setting describes the time period and location. III. The section on characters mentions minor groups of characters but names and describes the major ones. IV. The plot explains what the major character attempts to do: o discover to overcome to adapt to become to mature to solve to learn to conquer to find V. The plot resolution – How are the final problems solved? How does everything work out? What is the final attitude of the main character(s)? VI. The conclusion – an evaluation of the book as a literary work. What was the author’s purpose? Does the book teach a lesson or a moral? Are the characters role models ? Why is it recommended? Introduction: Sentence Order Example 1. Arouse the reader’s interest with an attention grabbing question.How would you feel if a tornado suddenly lifted you away to a new land? 2. Name the character(s) in such a situation. Name the book title and author. Such an adventure happened to Dorothy in the book, The Wizard of Oz, by Frank Baum. 3. Present the thesis sentence: why the book is unique: Although there have been similar books, this book is unique because who? does what? and where? Although there have been other children’s adventure stories, this one is unique because Dorothy helps the Tin Man, Scarecrow, and Lion find the qualities they seek while raveling with her in the land of Oz. Topic Sentence Suggestions: Setting One reason this book is appealing is setting. Characters Another reason this book is different is its characters OR is that its characters are all†¦. (brief description). Plot In addition to the setting and characters, t he plot adds (or the problems add) to the distinctiveness of the book. Plot Resolution The way in which the problem(s) is solved is totally unexpected. Conclusion For these reasons, this book is appealing OR therefore, for these reasons, this book is recommended.

Top 14 Best Sharpe Novels by Bernard Cornwell